{"id":107,"date":"2009-06-20T03:39:52","date_gmt":"2009-06-20T03:39:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=107"},"modified":"2015-01-13T16:35:31","modified_gmt":"2015-01-13T16:35:31","slug":"mixing-it-up-early-african-american-settlements-in-northwestern-ohio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=107","title":{"rendered":"Mixing It Up: Early African American Settlements in Northwestern Ohio"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/0021934707305432\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Mixing It Up: Early African American Settlements in Northwestern Ohio<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jbs.sagepub.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Journal of Black Studies<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/jbs.sagepub.com\/content\/39\/6.toc\" target=\"_blank\">Volume 39, Number 6<\/a> (July 2009)<br \/>\npages 924-936<br \/>\nDOI: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/0021934707305432\" target=\"_blank\">10.1177\/0021934707305432<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.afam.vcu.edu\/people\/rowe.html\" target=\"_blank\">Jill E. Rowe<\/a><\/strong>, Assistant professor, African American studies<br \/>\n<em>Virginia Commonwealth University<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Prior to the 19th century, African American settlers founded a number of productive communities in northwestern Ohio.\u00a0 <strong>During this time period, there were a number of intermarriages and couplings between indigenous people, European explorers, ethnically diverse shipmates, and free and enslaved Africans in this section of the country.\u00a0 Descendants of these unions were dubbed <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=118\" target=\"_blank\">Melungeon<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=451\" target=\"_blank\">mulatto<\/a>, or colored, depending on the discretion of oft-illiterate census takers.<\/strong> Though much is written about the hostilities free people of color faced in the South, descriptive documentation of their experiences in northwestern Ohio is scarce.\u00a0 An examination of primary and secondary sources offers evidence of their agency as they struggled with structural barriers that led to disenfranchisement and descent into the racially identifiable category of African American. \u00a0White resistance to these diverse settlements and settlers challenges America&#8217;s collective memory of a racially tolerant North.<\/p>\n<p>Read or purchase the article <a href=\"http:\/\/jbs.sagepub.com\/content\/39\/6\/924.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mixing It Up: Early African American Settlements in Northwestern Ohio Journal of Black Studies Volume 39, Number 6 (July 2009) pages 924-936 DOI: 10.1177\/0021934707305432 Jill E. Rowe, Assistant professor, African American studies Virginia Commonwealth University Prior to the 19th century, African American settlers founded a number of productive communities in northwestern Ohio.\u00a0 During this time [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,33,459,8,5113,20],"tags":[101,14549,102,260],"class_list":["post-107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-census","category-history","category-media-archive","category-triracial","category-usa","tag-jill-e-rowe","tag-jill-rowe","tag-journal-of-black-studies","tag-ohio"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=107"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}