{"id":1210,"date":"2009-09-28T04:27:05","date_gmt":"2009-09-28T04:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=1210"},"modified":"2013-01-10T00:30:03","modified_gmt":"2013-01-10T00:30:03","slug":"the-historical-legal-construction-of-black-racial-identity-of-mixed-black-white-race-individuals-the-role-of-state-legislatures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=1210","title":{"rendered":"The Historical Legal Construction of Black Racial Identity of Mixed Black-White Race Individuals: The Role of State Legislatures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.allacademic.com\/\/meta\/p_mla_apa_research_citation\/2\/3\/8\/4\/3\/p238430_index.html?type=info&amp;PHPSESSID=e4876e3e2562a27da4958899c7ff1488\" target=\"_blank\">The Historical Legal Construction of Black Racial Identity of Mixed Black-White Race Individuals: The Role of State Legislatures<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Western Political Science Association<br \/>\nManchester Hyatt<br \/>\nSan Diego, California<br \/>\n2008-03-20<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.umsl.edu\/~polisci\/faculty\/profiles.html#middleton\" target=\"_blank\">Richard T. Middleton, IV<\/a><\/strong>, Associate Professor of Political Science<br \/>\n<em>University of Missouri, St. Louis<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This research paper is an analysis of the historical legal construction of black racial identity of mixed black-white race individuals in America. \u00a0In particular, I investigate how state legislatures in the United States constructed black racial identity through the enactment of laws and constitutional provis ions. <strong>This research identifies the following two-part framework by which state legislatures historically used the language of the law to coerce mixed black-white race individuals to adopt a personal sense of collective identity with people of black African ancestry: (1) identification of mixed black-white race individuals and blacks\/Negroes as constituting two separate racial groups yet speaking of them in the same blush and disadvantaging them the same, and (2) abandoning recognition of mixed black-white race individuals (mulattoes) as a distinct racial group from Negroes\/blacks through the enactment of statutes that espoused the rule of hypodescent.<\/strong> To provide empirical support for this paper\u2019s thesis, a survey of statutes across all fifty states ranging from the colonial period up to the mid-1900s is conducted.<\/p>\n<p>Read the entire paper <a href=\"http:\/\/www.allacademic.com\/\/meta\/p_mla_apa_research_citation\/2\/3\/8\/4\/3\/p238430_index.html?type=info&amp;PHPSESSID=e4876e3e2562a27da4958899c7ff1488\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.\u00a0 Supporting documents: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.allacademic.com\/one\/www\/research\/index.php?cmd=Download+Document&amp;key=unpublished_manuscript&amp;file_index=17&amp;pop_up=true&amp;no_click_key=true&amp;attachment_style=attachment&amp;PHPSESSID=f9fe9eaf536c6006d3cf7b852c4b2f4d\" target=\"_blank\">1<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.allacademic.com\/one\/www\/research\/index.php?cmd=Download+Document&amp;key=unpublished_manuscript&amp;file_index=18&amp;pop_up=true&amp;no_click_key=true&amp;attachment_style=attachment&amp;PHPSESSID=f9fe9eaf536c6006d3cf7b852c4b2f4d\" target=\"_blank\">2<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Historical Legal Construction of Black Racial Identity of Mixed Black-White Race Individuals: The Role of State Legislatures Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Western Political Science Association Manchester Hyatt San Diego, California 2008-03-20 Richard T. Middleton, IV, Associate Professor of Political Science University of Missouri, St. Louis This research paper is an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1467,8,14,20],"tags":[69,56,159,2441],"class_list":["post-1210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-law","category-media-archive","category-papers","category-usa","tag-anti-miscegenation-laws","tag-hypodescent","tag-richard-middleton","tag-richard-t-middleton"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}