{"id":19818,"date":"2012-01-13T22:14:21","date_gmt":"2012-01-13T22:14:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=19818"},"modified":"2012-01-13T22:14:21","modified_gmt":"2012-01-13T22:14:21","slug":"however-%e2%80%9cself-identified-race%e2%80%9d-is-a-subjective-term-influenced-by-cultural-factors-and-not-even-grounded-in-the-ancestral-genomics-of-for-example-the-international-hapmap-project","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=19818","title":{"rendered":"However, \u201cself-identified race\u201d is a subjective term, influenced by cultural factors, and not even grounded in the ancestral genomics of, for example, the International HapMap Project."},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>While many commentators who supported the approval of <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isosorbide_dinitrate\/hydralazine\" target=\"_blank\">BiDil<\/a> for black  patients state that \u201crace\u201d is not a scientifically precise term for  identifying relevant genomic or physiological characteristics that  differentiate population groups, nevertheless, they argue that  \u201cself-identified race\u201d is a useful proxy for those characteristics.  However, what is the evidence that the proxy \u201cself-identified race\u201d is a  reliable surrogate? The best evidence derives from the fact that  genetic variation conferring disease susceptibility is not equally  distributed among ancestral populations. For example, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sickle-cell_disease\" target=\"_blank\">sickle cell anaemia<\/a> is more prevalent in populations whose ancestry can be traced to  sub-Saharan Africa. However, \u201cself-identified race\u201d is a subjective  term, influenced by cultural factors, and not even grounded in the  ancestral genomics of, for example, the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_HapMap_Project\" target=\"_blank\">International HapMap Project<\/a>.  For the purpose of the clinical trials, \u201cself-identified race\u201d is  interpreted as a dichotomous variable (black or non-black). If race were  used as a proxy for ancestral African genomics it should be a  continuous function (10%, 30%, 70%, etc).<strong> It makes no scientific sense to map a continuous function onto a dichotomous variable\u2026<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Sheldon Krimsky, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=19801\" target=\"_blank\">The short life of a race drug<\/a>,\u201d <em>The Lancet<\/em>, Volume 379, Issue 9811 (2012-01-14 through 2012-01-20): 114. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(12)60052-X\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(12)60052-X\/fulltext<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While many commentators who supported the approval of BiDil for black patients state that \u201crace\u201d is not a scientifically precise term for identifying relevant genomic or physiological characteristics that differentiate population groups, nevertheless, they argue that \u201cself-identified race\u201d is a useful proxy for those characteristics. However, what is the evidence that the proxy \u201cself-identified race\u201d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,2039],"tags":[2771,9219,5251],"class_list":["post-19818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-excerpts","category-health-medicine","tag-bidil","tag-sheldon-krimsky","tag-the-lancet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19818"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19818\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}