{"id":22780,"date":"2012-04-29T18:21:01","date_gmt":"2012-04-29T18:21:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=22780"},"modified":"2013-05-11T01:02:45","modified_gmt":"2013-05-11T01:02:45","slug":"manumission-in-nineteenth-century-virginia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=22780","title":{"rendered":"Manumission in nineteenth-century Virginia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s11698-010-0056-x\" target=\"_blank\">Manumission in nineteenth-century Virginia<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/content\/1863-2505\/\" target=\"_blank\">Cliometrica: A Journal of Historical Economics and Econometric History<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/content\/1863-2505\/5\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Volume 5, Issue 2<\/a> (June 2011)<br \/>\npages 145-164<br \/>\nDOI: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s11698-010-0056-x\" target=\"_blank\">10.1007\/s11698-010-0056-x<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/people.clemson.edu\/~bodnhrn\/\" target=\"_blank\">Howard Bodenhorn<\/a><\/strong>, Professor of Economics<br \/>\n<em>Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Using previously unexploited data, this paper explores the ages at which slaves were <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manumission\" target=\"_blank\">manumitted<\/a>. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ordinary_least_squares\" target=\"_blank\">OLS<\/a> estimates reveal that mixed-race slaves, slaves in the tobacco-producing <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piedmont_(United_States)\" target=\"_blank\">Piedmont<\/a>, and female slaves of female slave owners were manumitted at younger ages. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waloddi_Weibull\" target=\"_blank\">Weibull<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Proportional_hazards_models\" target=\"_blank\">proportional hazards estimates<\/a> imply that the same groups were more likely to be manumitted. The results also reveal a markedly diminishing likelihood of manumission after <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nat_Turner%27s_slave_rebellion\" target=\"_blank\">Nat Turner\u2019s 1831 insurrection<\/a> in south-central <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virginia\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia<\/a>. The results are consistent with a <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Principal%E2%80%93agent_problem\" target=\"_blank\">principal\u2013agent model<\/a> in which slave owners contracted with slaves over consumption and future manumission to elicit effort and control shirking or other unproductive activities.<\/p>\n<p>Read or purchase the article <a href=\"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/content\/g42j6316045k7802\/fulltext.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manumission in nineteenth-century Virginia Cliometrica: A Journal of Historical Economics and Econometric History Volume 5, Issue 2 (June 2011) pages 145-164 DOI: 10.1007\/s11698-010-0056-x Howard Bodenhorn, Professor of Economics Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina Using previously unexploited data, this paper explores the ages at which slaves were manumitted. OLS estimates reveal that mixed-race slaves, slaves in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,14647,459,8,6940,20,693],"tags":[10559,10564,749],"class_list":["post-22780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-economics","category-history","category-media-archive","category-slavery","category-usa","category-virginia","tag-cliometrica","tag-cliometrica-a-journal-of-historical-economics-and-econometric-history","tag-howard-bodenhorn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22780"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22780\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}