{"id":39563,"date":"2015-01-20T02:00:43","date_gmt":"2015-01-20T02:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=39563"},"modified":"2015-01-20T02:00:43","modified_gmt":"2015-01-20T02:00:43","slug":"erasing-the-color-line-the-racial-formation-of-creoles-of-color-and-the-public-school-integration-movement-in-new-orleans-1867-1880","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=39563","title":{"rendered":"Erasing the Color Line: The Racial Formation of Creoles of Color and the Public School Integration Movement in New Orleans, 1867-1880"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/dc.lib.unc.edu\/cdm\/ref\/collection\/etd\/id\/4997\" target=\"_blank\"><em><strong>Erasing the Color Line: The Racial Formation of Creoles of Color and the Public School Integration Movement in New Orleans, 1867-1880<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<br \/>\n2013<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/history.unc.edu\/people\/graduate-students\/mishio-yamanaka\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Mishio Yamanaka<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the master\u2019s degree of History in the Department of History<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This thesis examines the public school racial integration movement of <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creoles_of_color\" target=\"_blank\">Creoles of color<\/a>, a <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_territorial_entities_where_French_is_an_official_language\" target=\"_blank\">francophone<\/a> interracial group in <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Orleans\" target=\"_blank\">New Orleans<\/a>, from 1867 to 1880. During <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction_Era\" target=\"_blank\">Reconstruction<\/a>, Creoles of color succeeded in desegregating about one-third of the city public schools. This thesis argues that the integration campaign of Creoles of color was an attempt to maintain their in-between identity \u2013 being neither fully whites nor fully blacks and being both Creoles and Americans \u2013 and an effort to erase the color line by improving the social status of black Americans to equal that of white Americans. Creoles of color forged desegregation by manipulating their ambiguous ethno-racial heritage and by negotiating with white <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radical_Republican\" target=\"_blank\">radical Republicans<\/a>, white New Orleanians and Anglophone blacks. Focusing on the political, legal and grass-root struggles of Creoles of color, this thesis reveals that they challenged segregation as it symbolized the emergence of biracial hierarchy in post-<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Civil_War\" target=\"_blank\">Civil War<\/a> New Orleans.<\/p>\n<p>Read the entire thesis <a href=\"http:\/\/dc.lib.unc.edu\/cdm\/ref\/collection\/etd\/id\/4997\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Erasing the Color Line: The Racial Formation of Creoles of Color and the Public School Integration Movement in New Orleans, 1867-1880 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2013 Mishio Yamanaka A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the master\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[838,459,369,8,20],"tags":[19107,1438,6788],"class_list":["post-39563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dissertations","category-history","category-louisiana","category-media-archive","category-usa","tag-mishio-yamanaka","tag-new-orleans","tag-university-of-north-carolina-at-chapel-hill"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39563"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39563\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}