{"id":56131,"date":"2018-04-04T02:33:58","date_gmt":"2018-04-04T02:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=56131"},"modified":"2018-04-04T02:33:58","modified_gmt":"2018-04-04T02:33:58","slug":"lesec-from-brave-mulato-into-blackness-defection-to-france-and-spanish-racial-regression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=56131","title":{"rendered":"Lesec, from Brave Mulato into Blackness?: Defection to France and Spanish Racial Regression"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lesec, from Brave Mulato into Blackness?: Defection to France and Spanish Racial Regression<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

Age of Revolutions<\/a>
\n2018-04-02<\/p>\n

Charlton W. Yingling<\/strong><\/a>, Assistant Professor of History
\nUniversity of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/a>
\n \u201cEl ciudadano Hedouville habla al mentor de los negros\u2026,\u201d Jean-Louis Dubroca, Vida de J. J. Dessalines, gefe de los Negros de Santo Domingo<\/em> (Mexico, 1806), University of Virginia Slavery Images Database, JCB_67-270-3. This well-known image is cropped to draw attention away from the figures\u2019 faces and to their fa\u00e7ades.<\/small><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

In May 1794, Governor Joaqu\u00edn Garc\u00eda of Spanish Santo Domingo<\/a> (present-day Dominican Republic<\/a>) praised the \u201cbrave spirit\u201d of \u201cCarlos Gabriel Lesec, mulato<\/em><\/a>,\u201d a term denoting European and African heritage. As an officer in Spain\u2019s Black Auxiliaries<\/a>, Lesec had just repulsed troops of the French Republic<\/a> in a resounding victory at Santa Susana on the border with Saint-Domingue<\/a> (present-day Haiti<\/a>). As the third anniversary of the Haitian Revolution<\/a> approached, thousands of ex-slaves had expanded their liberatory war under Spanish flags and occupied nearly half of Saint-Domingue.[1] These \u201cBlack Auxiliaries\u201d of Spain<\/a> enjoyed limited manumissions<\/a> and material support in their war against the French, their former exploiters. Their leaders, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois<\/a> and Georges Biassou<\/a>, represented some of the earliest participants in the initial slave revolts of 1791. Those who ascended later, such as Toussaint Louverture<\/a> and his officer Charles Lesec, seized a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity at upward mobility by punishing their former French oppressors. Despite these victories, Garc\u00eda was dismayed by the \u201cdisunion that reigns between the black chiefs Biassou and Toussaint,\u201d who along with Jean-Fran\u00e7ois were Lesec\u2019s superiors.[2] Six months earlier French commissioner L\u00e9ger-F\u00e9licit\u00e9 Sonthonax<\/a> had begun tactical, practical emancipations, in part to attract black supporters due to desperation over his opponents\u2019 successes…<\/p>\n

Read the entire article here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In May 1794, Governor Joaqu\u00edn Garc\u00eda of Spanish Santo Domingo (present-day Dominican Republic) praised the \u201cbrave spirit\u201d of \u201cCarlos Gabriel Lesec, mulato,\u201d a term denoting European and African heritage. As an officer in Spain\u2019s Black Auxiliaries, Lesec had just repulsed troops of the French Republic in a resounding victory at Santa Susana on the border with Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,21,459,8,6940],"tags":[28168,28349,28346,28347,28345,96,28350,28351,28348,28352,16131,892,10432],"class_list":["post-56131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-latincarib","category-history","category-media-archive","category-slavery","tag-age-of-revolutions","tag-carlos-gabriel-lesec","tag-charlton-w-yingling","tag-charlton-yingling","tag-chaz-yingling","tag-france","tag-georges-biassou","tag-jean-francois","tag-joaquin-garcia-y-moreno","tag-leger-felicite-sonthonax","tag-santo-domingo","tag-spain","tag-toussaint-louverture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=56131"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56133,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56131\/revisions\/56133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=56131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=56131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=56131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}