{"id":58927,"date":"2019-09-22T02:07:43","date_gmt":"2019-09-22T02:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=58927"},"modified":"2019-09-22T02:07:43","modified_gmt":"2019-09-22T02:07:43","slug":"but-in-puerto-rico-and-other-parts-of-latin-america-where-racial-mixing-was-common-there-are-numerous-ways-to-identify-racially-with-different-names-for-different-combinations-of-skin-tones-hair-te","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=58927","title":{"rendered":"But in Puerto Rico and other parts of Latin America where racial mixing was common, there are numerous ways to identify racially, with different names for different combinations of skin tones, hair textures, and facial features, such as \u201cnegra,\u201d \u201ctrigue\u00f1a,\u201d or \u201cmorena.\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>In the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United States<\/a>, racial segregation enforced strict political and social barriers between Blacks and whites long after slavery. (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=3208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cOne drop\u201d of African blood designated you as \u201cBlack,\u201d<\/a> no matter what your complexion or ethnicity.) But in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puerto_Rico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puerto Rico<\/a> and other parts of Latin America where racial mixing was common, there are numerous ways to identify racially, with different names for different combinations of skin tones, hair textures, and facial features, such as <span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201c<\/span>negra,<span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201d<\/span> <span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201c<\/span>trigue\u00f1a,<span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201d<\/span> or <span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201c<\/span>morena.<span style=\"display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; cursor: text; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman','Bitstream Charter',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s one of the reasons that not every Latino who has brown skin or African ancestry calls themselves \u201cBlack\u201d or &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afro-Latin_Americans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afro-Latinx<\/a>&#8220;\u2014and some might even take offense to the suggestion that they should be called anything but Puerto Rican.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Natasha S. Alford, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=58921\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This Afro-Latina Started a Magazine in Puerto Rico to Celebrate Black Beauty<\/a>,\u201d <em>The Oprah Magazine<\/em>, September 20, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oprahmag.com\/life\/a29107354\/afro-latinos-puerto-rico-magazine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.oprahmag.com\/life\/a29107354\/afro-latinos-puerto-rico-magazine\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the United States, racial segregation enforced strict political and social barriers between Blacks and whites long after slavery. (\u201cOne drop\u201d of African blood designated you as \u201cBlack,\u201d no matter what your complexion or ethnicity.) But in Puerto Rico and other parts of Latin America where racial mixing was common, there are numerous ways to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[28842,28841,30284,2654,30283],"class_list":["post-58927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-excerpts","tag-natasha-alford","tag-natasha-s-alford","tag-oprah-magazine","tag-puerto-rico","tag-the-oprah-magazine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58928,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58927\/revisions\/58928"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}