{"id":63602,"date":"2022-03-30T02:55:40","date_gmt":"2022-03-30T02:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/?p=63602"},"modified":"2022-03-30T02:56:41","modified_gmt":"2022-03-30T02:56:41","slug":"did-george-washington-have-an-enslaved-son","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=63602","title":{"rendered":"Did George Washington Have an Enslaved Son?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Did George Washington Have an Enslaved Son?<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

The New Yorker<\/a>
\n2022-03-07<\/p>\n

Jill Abramson<\/strong><\/a>, Journalist and Senior Lecturer
\nHarvard University<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>
West Ford<\/a> founded Gum Springs<\/a>, a freedmen\u2019s<\/a> community, near Mount Vernon<\/a>.<\/em> Illustration by John P. Dessereau<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

West Ford\u2019s<\/a> descendants want to prove his parentage\u2014and save the freedmen\u2019s<\/a> village he founded.<\/em><\/p>\n

In Fairfax County, Virginia<\/a>, two landmarks of early American history share an uneasy but inextricable bond. George Washington\u2019s<\/a> majestic Mount Vernon<\/a> estate is one of the most popular historic homes in the country, visited by roughly a million people a year. Gum Springs<\/a>, a small community about three miles north, is one of the oldest surviving freedmen\u2019s villages, most of which were established during Reconstruction<\/a>. The community was founded in 1833 by West Ford<\/a>, who lived and worked at Mount Vernon for nearly sixty years, first as an enslaved teen-ager and continuing after he was freed. Following Washington\u2019s death, in 1799, Ford helped manage the estate, and he maintained an unusually warm relationship with the extended Washington family.<\/p>\n

Awareness of West Ford had faded both in Gum Springs and at Mount Vernon, but in recent years his story has been at the center of a bitter controversy between the two sites. His descendants have demanded that Mount Vernon recognize Ford for his contributions to the estate, which was near collapse during the decades after Washington\u2019s death. They also argue\u2014citing oral histories from two branches of the family\u2014that Ford was Washington\u2019s unacknowledged son, a claim that Mount Vernon officials have consistently denied. As that debate continues, Black civic organizations in Gum Springs are engaged in related battles to save their endangered community. They have resisted, with some success, Virginia\u2019s planned expansion of Richmond Highway<\/a>, which would encroach on the town, and they have embarked on the process of getting Gum Springs named a national historic site…<\/p>\n

Read the entire article here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

West Ford\u2019s descendants want to prove his parentage\u2014and save the freedmen\u2019s village he founded.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,459,8,6940,20,693],"tags":[1712,33363,33361,33366,16819,33365,33364,3886,33362],"class_list":["post-63602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-history","category-media-archive","category-slavery","category-usa","category-virginia","tag-george-washington","tag-gum-springs","tag-jill-abramson","tag-mildred-cox","tag-new-yorker","tag-ronald-chase","tag-samuel-k-taylor","tag-the-new-yorker","tag-west-ford"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63602","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63602"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63602\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63604,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63602\/revisions\/63604"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63602"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63602"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63602"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}