{"id":8272,"date":"2010-08-13T03:07:43","date_gmt":"2010-08-13T03:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=8272"},"modified":"2011-06-25T20:08:28","modified_gmt":"2011-06-25T20:08:28","slug":"8272","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=8272","title":{"rendered":"Race Crossing"},"content":{"rendered":"

…Fleming\u2019s use of the term \u2018passing\u2019 <\/a>is also worthy of comment. Not only does it have the connotation of deceit and disguise, but it also implies that the offspring of mixed heritage could never be truly English, despite their birth in England and their English mothers. To cross racial boundaries (\u2018race crossing\u2019) had two meanings: crossing the \u2018colour line\u2019 in terms of sexual relationships, and crossing races in the sense of being of mixed race. The white women who crossed the colour line and gave birth to mixed race children were not aliens as such, but liminally placed by virtue of their \u2018unBritish\u2019, \u2018unpatriotic\u2019 behaviour. Where the mothers were Irish, as some were (as Hodson noted) the mixed race children were even less likely to have been permitted the mantle of Englishness, for the Irish were not only \u2018not English\u2019, but frequently seen as \u2018not white\u2019 either. There was (and is) a hierarchy of whiteness, in which some people were\/are white only some of the time, such as Irish, Latinos, and Jews. Fleming\u2019s assumption that mixed race children were not, and implicitly could not, be English, sounds not dissimilar from the \u2018one drop of black blood\u2019 rule<\/a> that was operating at this time in US Deep South. This \u2018rule\u2019 proclaimed that even a single black person in ones ancestry deemed one black. The system was a means of policing entry to the privileged category \u2018white\u2019. In the context of Britain in the interwar, the Eugenics Society was concerned with classifying and codifying those of mixed race in an attempt to reduce the threat to racial and national boundaries represented by their presence…<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lucy Bland<\/a><\/strong>. \u201cBritish Eugenics and \u2018Race Crossing\u2019: a Study of an Interwar Investigation<\/a>\u201d,\u00a0New Formations<\/em>.\u00a02007,\u00a0 Number\u00a060, pages 66-78.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

…Fleming\u2019s use of the term \u2018passing\u2019 is also worthy of comment. Not only does it have the connotation of deceit and disguise, but it also implies that the offspring of mixed heritage could never be truly English, despite their birth in England and their English mothers. To cross racial boundaries (\u2018race crossing\u2019) had two meanings: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,459,6462,394,10],"tags":[4666,4665],"class_list":["post-8272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-excerpts","category-history","category-passing-2","category-socialscience","category-uk","tag-rachel-fleming","tag-rachel-m-fleming"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8272","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8272"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8272\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}