{"id":9293,"date":"2010-09-30T18:03:58","date_gmt":"2010-09-30T18:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mixedracestudies.org\/wordpress\/?p=9293"},"modified":"2012-03-24T18:52:35","modified_gmt":"2012-03-24T18:52:35","slug":"the-language-of-ham-and-the-language-of-cain-%e2%80%9cdialect%e2%80%9d-and-linguistic-hybridity-in-the-work-of-adam-small","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/?p=9293","title":{"rendered":"The Language of Ham and the Language of Cain: \u201cDialect\u201d and Linguistic Hybridity in the Work of Adam Small"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/0021989410377550\" target=\"_blank\">The Language of Ham and the Language of Cain: \u201cDialect\u201d and Linguistic Hybridity in the Work of Adam Small<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jcl.sagepub.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">The Journal of Commonwealth Literature<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/jcl.sagepub.com\/content\/45\/3.toc\" target=\"_blank\">Volume 45, Number 3<\/a> (September 2010)<br \/>\npages 389-408<br \/>\nDOI: <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/0021989410377550\" target=\"_blank\">10.1177\/0021989410377550<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dundee.ac.uk\/english\/about\/staff\/nicoledevarenne\/\" target=\"_blank\">Nicole Devarenne<\/a><\/strong>, Lecturer in English<br \/>\nUniversity of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom<\/p>\n<p>The \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coloured\" target=\"_blank\">coloured<\/a>\u201d South African writer <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adam_Small_(writer)\" target=\"_blank\">Adam Small<\/a> has made an important and largely unrecognized contribution to anti-apartheid literature in <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afrikaans\" target=\"_blank\">Afrikaans<\/a>. His pioneering use of \u201cKaaps\u201d (a linguistic variety spoken by \u201ccoloured\u201d Afrikaners at the Cape) in his poetry and plays complicated the racial designation of Afrikaans as a \u201cwhite\u201d language and challenged the dominance of the \u201cwhite\u201d Afrikaans literary tradition. In a literature where the variety used by the white nationalist government was also that used by (albeit some of them dissident) Afrikaans writers, he created an appetite and appreciation for vernacular language as a medium of resistance against white supremacy. His work has helped to make possible a continuing investment by Afrikaans writers (white as well as \u201ccoloured\u201d) in non-standard language as resistance to cultural imperialism and nationalism. During apartheid, however, he faced considerable criticism for his use of what was seen as a degraded and degrading \u201cdialect\u201d, and for his ostensible complicity in apartheid as a self-avowed \u201cbrown Afrikaner\u201d. This article examines some of the difficulties which faced \u201ccoloured\u201dAfrikaans writers during apartheid, taking Small as a specific example of a writer whose career displays the impact of the collision between \u201ccoloured\u201d separatism and a politically pragmatic universalism, and proposes a reconsideration of his work as a subversive, ironic and ground-breaking intervention in South African literature.<\/p>\n<p>Read or purchase the article <a href=\"http:\/\/jcl.sagepub.com\/content\/45\/3\/389.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Language of Ham and the Language of Cain: \u201cDialect\u201d and Linguistic Hybridity in the Work of Adam Small The Journal of Commonwealth Literature Volume 45, Number 3 (September 2010) pages 389-408 DOI: 10.1177\/0021989410377550 Nicole Devarenne, Lecturer in English University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom The \u201ccoloured\u201d South African writer Adam Small has made an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1295,12,1196,6,520],"tags":[3986,3987,20756,3985],"class_list":["post-9293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-africa","category-articles","category-literary-criticism","category-new-media","category-south-africa","tag-adam-small","tag-nicole-devarenne","tag-south-africa","tag-the-journal-of-commonwealth-literature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixedracestudies.org\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}