• Waking from Mixed Dreams

    Mixed Dreams: towards a radical multiracial/ethnic movement
    2015-02-26

    Nicole Asong Nfonoyim-Hara

    Let me begin, if I may, by introducing this rather belated post with the powerful words of some scholars, poets, writers, and activists to set our scene:

    “American history is longer, larger, more various, more beautiful, and more terrible than anything anyone has ever said about it–and that it belongs to him [the black child]. I would teach him that he doesn’t have to be bound by the expediencies of any given administration, any given policy, any given morality; that he has the right and the necessity to examine everything.” (James Baldwin)

    “It is in this space that we will find those words with which we can speak of Ourselves and Others. And by exploring this hybridity, this ‘Third Space’, we may elude the politics of polarity and emerge as the others of our selves.” (Homi Bhabha)

    “The effect of mass migrations has been the creation of radically new types of human being… people
    who have been obliged to define themselves–because they are so defined by others– by their otherness; people in whose deepest selves strange fusions occur, unprecedented unions between what they were and where they find themselves… To see things plainly you have to cross a frontier.” (Salman Rushdie “Imaginary Homelands”)

    To survive the Borderlands
    you must live sin fronteras
    be a crossroads. (Gloria Anzaldua- full poem at the end of the post)

    I’ve been feeling a lot like an oyster these past couple of years, working out, mulling over, rubbing painfully up against a little grain– an irritant– that made its way suddenly into my pristine little shell (although, perhaps, it had always been there). Now bear with me, I promise this image will (hopefully) make sense by the end of this.

    I began this blog back in 2009 as a response to a very particular moment in our ever-shifting, ever-challenging social terrain in the U.S. That moment was what I liked to call the time “We-Drank-That-Postracial-KoolAid-And-Almost-Died”. It was a time of short-lived, but heady hope for a new America in the wake of President Obama’s historic 2008 win. To that point, there are actually some really interesting reflections out there on how the visceral reaction against the post-racial moment (of which I was very much a part) in its fervor actually obscured the possibility that a particularly important and valid desire was being articulated. A desire, that perhaps, prematurely and albeit naively, declared itself into a celebratory daze despite all obvious evidence to the contrary…

    Read the entire article here.

  • Beautiful Aliens.

    Mixed Humans ~ Reflections on occupying a space of inbetweenness. Persistently grappling with identity.
    2015-01-26

    Natalie Armitage

    “What beautiful daughters you have!”

    It happens a lot. It is a compliment, of course it is. I have green eyes, that are pretty big, and light brown skin. My sister, has the richest auburn hair, which in the light gleamed like fire. She has white skin, with pink rosy cheeks. Mum was very dark, before Vitiligo, with jet black indian hair. I remember looking at her skin against my sisters chubby white rosy flesh…she could have been adopted. I remember climbing on my Dads lap and seeing my arms with his. Well I knew he was my Dad for certain, but having my arm next to his and see the contrast of its colour, used to make me wonder, how we could be so close but never know what it feels like to look like the other. We had different sets of skins.

    I am light- which contrary to what some awful skin products tell you- is not necessarily beautiful. Society seems to associate one with the other, not me. I was always envious of the Nigerian girl in my class with braids. To me, she was beautiful. She was bright, funny, could dance, sing and shook her beads at the end of her hair that made a wonderful noise and made her so much prettier. Her laugh was infectious too. I used to dream of being black like her. Femininity, seems to ooze from natural afro-carribbean girls.

    My Dad, raised me on jazz. We had pictures of black people all over the house as icons. All I really thought at that age is that black people were the most creative beings of the earth. I am still not convinced that is a wrong perception. Dad would say things like “can you imagine, going through all this pain and suffering by society- just for the colour of your skin?”. Stevie Wonder helped him to illustrate to me this point, through lots and lots of music…

    Read the entire article here.

  • 394. Paper Session: New Issues in Race and Identity

    Crossing Borders: 2015 Annual Meeting
    Eastern Sociological Society
    Millennium Broadway Hotel
    New York, New York
    2015-02-26 through 2015-03-01

    Sunday, 2015-03-01, 10:15-11:45 EST (Local Time)

    Presider: Vilna Bashi Treitler, Baruch College, City University of New York

    • Blacks, Latinos, Jews and Foreigners are Taking Over: How Innumeracy About Groups Shapes Public Policy Charles A. Gallagher — La Salle Uinversity
    • Limited by the Color Line: How Hypodescent Affects Responses to Mixed-Race Identity Claims Casey Lorene Stockstill — University of Wisconsin-Madison
    • Siblings: the Overlooked Agents of Racial Socialization of Black/White Biracial Youth Monique Porow — Rutgers University
    • The Mulata Identity: Race, Gender, and Nation Nicole Barreto Hindert — George Mason University
    • Resurrecting Slavery: Temporal Borders, Causal Logics and Anti-racism in France Crystal Fleming — State University of New York at Stony Brook

    For more information, click here.

  • Poster Session C: C117: WHAT I REALLY THINK ABOUT MY BIRACIAL DAUGHTER! SOCIALIZATION IN BLENDED MULTIRACIAL FAMILIES

    The Society for Personality and Social Psychology
    16th Annual Convention
    Long Beach Convention & Entertainment Center
    Long Beach, California
    2015-02-26 through 2015-02-28

    Friday, 2015-02-27, 12:30-14:00 PST (Local Time)
    Hall B

    Yolanda Mitchell
    University of Nebraska, Lincoln

    Roudi N. Roy
    California State University, Long Beach

    Race can have a direct impact on how mixed-race children are seen by others as well as how they understand and encounter the world around them. Although identity development among biracial children is not a novel area of research the aim of this study was to explore how multiracial children are socialized when they are raised in blended families with monoracial parents. Given the sensitive nature of this topic we applied a qualitative methodology blending both a heuristic perspective and interviews with parents from two separate families. Themes related to racial profiling, parental perception of the mixed race child’s personality, level of respect, and parenting were identified through the five-step analyses process. This study highlights relevant socialization aspects in the lives of mixed-race children. More importantly it identifies ways in which the biological parent perceived their child’s racial identity differently than the stepparent.

    For more information, click here and go to page 260.

  • Baby Gammy and the Sexual Politics of Mixed Race Asians

    Multiracial Asian Families: thinking about race, families, children, and the intersection of mixed ID/Asian
    2015-02-25

    Sharon H. Chang

    A couple years ago young Thai mother Pattaramon Chanbua agreed to be a surrogate for Australian couple David and Wendy Farnell. It was a disaster.

    Last week Thailand legally banned commercial surrogacy, which is now a criminal offense.

    The law comes after many abusive surrogacy arrangements exploiting Thai women over the years. But the Chanbua-Farnell surrogacy in particular expedited legislation after snowballing into an international scandal that garnered the attention of the world and spotlighted inescapably the controversial ethics and regulation (or lack thereof) of global surrogacy. Chanbua’s 2013 fertility treatment in Thailand was successful and she carried mixed race Asian/white twins Gammy and Pipah to delivery for the Farnells by the end of the year. But while Pipah was born healthy and typically developing, Gammy was born with Down’s Syndrome and severe health challenges. Shortly thereafter he was left behind with Chanbua when his Australian parents took his sister back to Australia without him. Gammy’s story was internationally publicized summer 2014 when Chanbua, aided by fundraisers, worked to crowdsource financing for his expensive medical care online. The tragic story coupled with a plethora of images of surrogate mom and left-behind infant living with disability exploded across the media, touching the shocked hearts of millions…

    …Consider also, very importantly, that “who gets left with the consequences” is not just Asian diasporic women but a vulnerable population arising from the exploitation of Asian diasporic women — mixed race Asian diasporic children. It is of natural consequence that multiracial offspring would result from western dominance over Asian female bodies. Such children have historically often been the carnage left behind, “the casualties of war,” an afterthought quickly unremembered, swept under the rug and discarded. What is happening to Baby Gammy has happened before and keeps happening because global systems of sexual-political dominance are still in place. As I just wrote about last week thousands of Asian/white children have been abandoned throughout time by their white fathers; left impoverished, homeless, sick, sometimes crippled, susceptible to discrimination…

    Read the entire article here.

  • Don’t Erase My Race: 4 Affirmations to Remember When Reclaiming Your Multi-Racial Identity

    Everyday Feminism
    2015-02-24

    Aliya Khan, Contributing Writer

    Source: “Navigating Two Different Cultures: A Pakistani Immigrant Girl’s Struggles,” The Brooklyn Ink, (May 16, 2013).

    I was walking across campus, on my way to class, when a white man stopped me and asked, “Are you from Bahrain?”

    “I’m sorry?” I asked, confused by his question.

    “Bahrain? I have a friend who is studying here from there, and you look so similar to her.”

    I have a lot of opinions about when and how it is appropriate to ask someone about their race, mostly formed by my early experiences watching my Pakistani father struggle to respond to questions just like that one. But that’s not what first entered my mind this time.

    What first entered my mind was, “Oh, he doesn’t think I’m white.”

    If I’m not being read as white, people describe me as “racially ambiguous.” Sometimes, my race is ignored completely. Other times, folks make assumptions about my origins, ranging from every continent of the world.

    I never understood how or why people developed such diversely varied opinions about my race. Was it my name that gave it away? my skin tone? Did they mistake my Midwest accent for something more “exotic?”

    The invalidation of my racial identity from others was confusing growing up. It was a constant reminder that I just didn’t quite fit in.

    My experiences growing up with a Pakistani father did not match those of my White friends, but it was also clear that, as someone who was biracial, I didn’t fit in to any other category…

    Read the entire article here.

  • Pigmentocracies: Educational Inequality, Skin Color and Census Ethnoracial Identification in Eight Latin American Countries

    Research in Social Stratification and Mobility
    Available online: 2015-02-25
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2015.02.002

    Edward Telles, Professor of Sociology
    Princeton University

    René Flores
    University of Washington

    Fernando Urrea Giraldo, Professor of Sociology
    Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia

    Highlights

    • We use two measures of race and ethnicity – ethnoracial self-identification as used by national censuses and interviewer –rated skin color to examine educational inequality in eight Latin American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru.
    • We find that inequality based on skin color is more consistent and robust than inequality based on census ethnoracial identification.
    • Census ethnoracial identification often provided inconsistent results especially regarding the afro-descendant populations of Colombia, Ecuador and the Dominican Republic.
    • Skin color inequality was particularly great in Bolivia and Guatemala.
    • Parental occupation, a proxy for class origins, is also robust and positively associated with educational attainment.
    • In other words, both class and race, especially as measured by skin color, predicts educational inequality in Latin America.

    For the first time, most Latin American censuses ask respondents to self-identify by race or ethnicity allowing researchers to examine long-ignored ethnoracial inequalities. However, reliance on census ethnoracial categories could poorly capture the manifestation(s) of race that lead to inequality in the region, because of classificatory ambiguity and within-category racial or color heterogeneity. To overcome this, we modeled the relation of both interviewer-rated skin color and census ethnoracial categories with educational inequality using innovative data from the 2010 America’s Barometer from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) and 2010 surveys from the Project on Ethnicity and Race in Latin America (PERLA) for eight Latin American countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru). We found that darker skin color was negatively and consistently related to schooling in all countries, with and without extensive controls. Indigenous and black self-identification was also negatively related to schooling, though not always at a statistically significant and robust level like skin color. In contrast, results for self-identified mulattos, mestizos and whites were inconsistent and often counter to the expected racial hierarchy, suggesting that skin color measures often capture racial inequalities that census measures miss.

    Read the entire article here.

  • Our rising white-black multiracial population

    The Avenue / Rethinking Metropolitan America
    The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
    2015-02-23

    William H. Frey, Senior Fellow, Metropolitan Policy Program

    The fastest growing racial group in the country is those who identify themselves as “two or more” races. Yet, perhaps most encouraging, as discussed in my book Diversity Explosion, is the rise in the population that identifies itself as both white and black. The racial divide in the United States has been so stark that it was not until the 2000 Census that federal statistics allowed multiracial status. For a long period in our history, persons were identified as black according to the “one drop” rule which stipulated that if they had any black ancestors, they could not be classified as white…

    Recently, a clear sign of the softening of racial boundaries was the 2010 Census report that persons identifying as black and white were the largest biracial population at 1.8 million—more than double those identified in the previous census…

    To read the entire article, click here.

  • 235. Paper Session: Racial Dynamics of Dating & Marriage

    Crossing Borders: 2015 Annual Meeting
    Eastern Sociological Society
    Millennium Broadway Hotel
    New York, New York
    2015-02-26 through 2015-03-01

    Saturday, 2015-02-28, 08:30-10:30 EST (Local Time)

    Presider: Erica Chito-Childs, City University of New York – Hunter College

    • The Role of Race in Dating Among Americans: How “Whiteness” Influences Perception of Interracial Relationships Jennifer Dejesus — Pace University, Andrea Voyer — Pace University
      University
    • Marriage Patterns among Multiracial Americans: Upward Amalgamation, Downward Amalgamation, Matching and Hyper-Matching Gregory Eirich — Columbia University, Gracelyn Bateman — Mindshare
    • Disappearing Difference, or The Illegibility of Multiracials in Interracial Relationships Melinda Mills — Castleton State College
    • Does Intermarriage Blur Boundaries? The Transformation of Racial and Ethnic Boundaries among Interracially and Inter-ethnically Married Filipino Americans and their Families Brenda Gambol — The Graduate Center, City University of New York
    • They Don’t Want to Date Any Dark People Chong-suk Han — Middlebury College

    For more information, click here.

  • 279. Invited Thematic Session: Crossing Interracial Borders

    Crossing Borders: 2015 Annual Meeting
    Eastern Sociological Society
    Millennium Broadway Hotel
    New York, New York
    2015-02-26 through 2015-03-01

    Saturday, 2015-02-28, 12:00-13:30 EST (Local Time)

    Organizer: Erica Chito-Childs, City University of New York – Hunter College

    Presider: Erica Chito-Childs, City University of New York – Hunter College

    • Transracial Kin-scription: The Silent Engine of Racial Change? Kimberly McClain DaCosta — New York University
    • Emerging Patterns of Interracial Marriage and Immigrant Integration in the United States Daniel Lichter — Cornell University
    • Interracial Marriage in the U.S. and Brazil: Racial Boundaries in Comparative Perspective Chinyere Osuji — Rutgers University
    • A Global Look at Attitudes Towards “Mixed” Marriage Erica Chito-Childs — City University of New York – Hunter College

    Discussant: Amy Steinbugler, Dickinson College

    For more information, click here.